Energy

Energy is the capacity to do work or produce change. It exists in various forms, including kinetic (motion), potential (stored), thermal (heat), chemical, electrical, and nuclear energy. Energy can be transformed from one form to another and is conserved in closed systems according to the law of conservation of energy, which states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted. Energy is a fundamental concept in physics and plays a crucial role in all physical processes, including the functioning of living organisms, mechanical systems, and technological applications. The measurement of energy is expressed in units such as joules, calories, or kilowatt-hours. In broader contexts, energy also refers to the sources and technologies used to harness and utilize this capacity, encompassing fossil fuels, renewable sources like solar and wind, and nuclear power. Overall, energy is essential for sustaining life, driving economies, and powering modern civilization.